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Phrases Organization Of A Computer PYQ



The time required for fetching and execution of one simple machine instruction is known as





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Solution



Consider the program below which uses six temporary variables a, b, c, d, e, and f.
a = 1 
b = 10
c = 20 
d = a + b
e = c + d 
f = c + e 
b = c + e 
e = b + f 
d = 5 + e
return d + f 
Assuming that all the above operations take their operands from registers, the minimum number of registers needed to execute this program without spilling is





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Solution

Detailed Register Allocation Analysis

Objective: Determine the minimum number of registers needed to execute the program without spilling.

Live Range Analysis:

  • a: Line 1 → 4
  • b: Line 6 → 7
  • c: Line 3 → 6
  • d: Line 8 → 9
  • e: Line 7 → 8
  • f: Line 5 → 9

Max live variables: 3 (after lines 6 and 7)

✅ Final Answer: 3 registers are required to execute the program without spilling.



Which of the following components is not a part of an instruction formation in CPU processing?





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Solution

Instruction Formation in CPU Processing

Question: Which of the following is not a part of instruction formation?

Options:

  • Opcode
  • Register file
  • Source operand
  • Destination operand

✅ Correct Answer: Register File

Explanation:

  • Opcode, Source operand, Destination operand — all are part of the instruction format.
  • Register File — a hardware structure that stores registers, but it is not encoded into the instruction.


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